Abortion - 942 Words

Abortion Thou shall not murder is one of the Ten Commandments from the Bible. Is a mothers right to choose considered murder? Several states in our country still allow the capital punishment for criminals who have committed heinous crimes. We, as a nation however, have moved on to the innocent and the unborn. It seems that our culture in todays time is strictly based on convenience. So why shouldnt terminating pregnancies be the same as committing murder? First of all, I would like to provide some interesting facts on abortion. Abortion became legal in the United States in 1973 with the landmark decision in Roe versus Wade. According to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) and the Guttmacher Institute (AGI), there were 1.21†¦show more content†¦A recent Justice Department report concluded that pregnancies which resulted from rape was 1 to 2 per 1000. This translates into an overall total per year of 170 to 340 in the entire United States. I realize there are many emotional consequences when a woman is raped but adoption remains open as an alternative to abortion. Secondly, there are a number of different reasons why a woman may consider or want an abortion due to medical issues. It may be that the pregnancy is endangering her life or that the fetus has abnormalities which can result in death or living a complicated life. In the case of the woman whose life may be endangered, this would be the ONLY time I would consider abor tion to be an alternative. This would be considered a therapeutic medical abortion and if it was a given fact that the woman would die, then I feel an abortion would be indicated. In the case of the fetus having abnormalities, it is my opinion that the woman should carry the fetus to term. There are so many medical advancements in today’s world that there could be a chance that the infant could live a close to normal life. Additionally, adoption is still an option in this case as well. According to AGI, there are waiting lists for people wanting to adopt infants of all races, disabled children and children with Down’s Syndrome. In closing, in today’s society of convenience, abortion has become a common place practice. We, as a nation, shouldShow MoreRelatedAbortion : Abortion And Abortion998 Words   |  4 PagesAbortion Abortion is defined in several ways all of which stop a pregnancy. There are different ways of abortion, which are spontaneous abortion, surgical abortion, and medical abortion. Abortion has been arguable topic for decades. One can neither believe abortion to be good nor bad. The idea of individuality and human life is not quite the same. Idea of human life has come from conception; simultaneously on the other hand, fertilizer eggs used for in vitro fertilization are also human lives butRead MoreAbortion : Abortion And Abortion Essay921 Words   |  4 PagesPaper: Abortion Laws The topic of abortion is a widely debated and very heated topic in Texas. The Republican party’s platform supports family values and are completely against abortion under any circumstances, including abortifacients. The Democrat party’s platform supports the rights for women to make choices about their own bodies. They support abortifacients and a person’s right to have an abortion. There is also a large percentage of those that are in the middle in that they believe abortion shouldRead MoreAbortion, The, And Abortion998 Words   |  4 PagesIn the United States there are more than a billion abortions performed each year. Since the court case Roe vs Wade in 1973 more than 56 million babies have been murdered in the United States before they had the chance to take their first breath (Snyder, Michael). These statics along with many more show the huge injustice that is happening in the country I call home. Abortion is defined as the removal of an embryo or fetus from the uterus in order to end a pregnancy. It can include any of variousRead MoreAbortion : Abortion And Anti Abortion1624 Words   |  7 Pagesa very large controversy between the ideas about abortion and anti-abortion. Different religious views, beliefs, peoples many different customs and even people of different cultures all have their own preferences and ideas on the take of this political issue. Views against abortion can lead to as much of an impact as a violent/non violent riots outside of an abortion clinics, to something as simple article in the newspaper. The belief on abortion that leads to a lot of the controversy is that inRead MoreAbortion, The, And Abortion Essay1656 Words   |  7 Pages An abortion is when the pregnancy of a women is ended; it is called sometimes Termination of pregnancy. There are two types of abortion. The first type is the spontaneous abortion; it occurs within the first two months. What causes it is frequently unknown yet is probably the results of intra-uterine contamination, or limited attachment in the building unborn child to the interior coating walls in the womb (uterus). Such conditions this unborn child, if the idea advances further, mayRead MoreAbortion, The, And Abortion953 Words   |  4 Pagesdebates that is constantly talked about is abortion. When it comes to abortion, the laws vary depending on the state you live in. Whether people support or are against abortion, few actually know about the abortion process. Have you ever heard of suction aspiration or prostaglandin chemical abortion? Those are two of the various methods that are performed in the different trimesters of pregnancy. According to writer Steven Ertelt of Li feNews.com, Oklahoma’s abortion laws are restrictive compared to otherRead MoreAbortion : Abortion And Abortion1930 Words   |  8 PagesAbortion has been around for quite some time. Laws have been set allowing it and banning it during different periods of time. The procedures that can be done are all very different. There is a medical abortion involving drugs and there are surgical abortion involving a more invasive procedure. There are also different points of view on it. There are those who fully support the termination of a pregnancy and those who are completely against it. There are many factors to consider and very differentRead MoreAbortion And Abortion2038 Words   |  9 PagesMostly seen as a religious issue, abortions are anything but that. Biology and science are the only deciding factors when it comes down to it. Science is the only thing that can prove whether an unborn child is living; no religion can do that. Through modern science and technology, it has been proven and well documented that human life does in fact begin at conception. The scientific evidence also contradicted the court ruling in the Roe v. Wade case, where it was stated that the Court could notRead MoreAbortion : The Fight For Abortion1543 Words   |  7 PagesAlthough abortion was decriminalized in 1973, the fight for abortion rights did not end with Roe v. Wade. Just in the past three years, there have been systematic restrictions on abortion rights sweeping the country sate by state. In 2013, 22 states enacted 70 antiabortion measures, including pre-viability abortion bans, unnecessary doctor and clinic procedures, limits on medicated abortion, and bans on insurance coverage of abortion In 2011, 92 abortion restrictions were enacted, an in 2012, thatRead MoreAbortion : The Issue Of Abortion1212 Words   |  5 PagesThe topic of abortion has been an ongoing debate for many years. According to ProChoice.org, abortion was legal in in the days of the early settlers . At the time that the constitution was adopted abortions were legal. Abortions were openly advertised and performed before the first fetal movement (13-16 weeks from the start of a women’s last period). The concern for abortion started in the late 1800’s when immigrants were coming into the country in large numbers and the fear was that they would produce

The Freedom Of The Free Love Movement Essay - 1582 Words

As society moved from agrarian to industrial, the sexual ideology was heavily influenced. During this period, the need for children to help maintain farmland was no longer necessary. Cities emerged and reproduction slowed. This period was a major turning point for the dominant meaning of sexuality; thus it has great significance. D’Emilio writes about this changing sexual ideology when he states â€Å"especially within the middle class, sexual desires had become increasingly fused with a romantic quest for emotional intimacy and even spiritual union† (84). Sexuality no longer held strong ties to procreation and soon sex became more for pleasure. Furthermore, women now had some choice of whether/when they wanted to have children. The free love movement was one of the many social groups that challenged the sexual ideologies of their time. However, free love holds great significance in that their message soon became the â€Å"middle-class sexual ideology† (D’ Emilio 165). Their message was that â€Å"neither church nor state should limit the expression of sexual ideas and feelings; whether in private or public† (D’Emilio 156). They believed that ones sexual expression should be up to that individual. Free lovers challenged the dominant ideology at that time and pushed boundaries of religion and politics. Marriage during the colonial period was closely linked to reproduction due to the heavy influence religion had on European settlers. However, as they became introduced to NativeShow MoreRelatedRonald Reagan s Address At Brandenburg Gate1451 Words   |  6 Pagesafter reading this address, that statement is easily understood. After the end of the Nazi Regime and the end of World War II, Europe had been left in separated colonies dictated by politics. In turn, President Reagan hoped to create more democratic freedom in Eastern European Countries. On June 12th, 1987, President Ronald Reagan stood before the entire world and called on the Soviet leader, Mikhail Gorbachev, to open the Brandenburg Gate. The â€Å"Address at Brandenburg Gate,† was one of President ReagansRead MoreCounterculture Movement Essay1438 Words   |  6 PagesJohn Lennon of the famous rock band, The Beatles, once said, â€Å"If everyone demanded peace instead of another television set, then there’d be peace†. This quote essentially defines the 1960s and the counterculture movement in America. After WWII people had much more free time than they did during the war, and many people decided that they wanted to settle down and start a family. This caused a large boom in child birth. The children born during this boom are known as â€Å"baby-boomers†. â€Å"Due to the babyRead MoreAnalysis : 30 Love The Lord Your God With All Your Heart 1326 Words   |  6 PagesBrayden Allen English 2 Mrs. Walker 21, February 2017 Rough Draft ​â€Å"30 Love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind and with all your strength.’[a] 31 The second is this: ‘Love your neighbor as yourself.’[b] There is no commandment greater than these.† Mark 12:30-31. The bible says that we shall love our neighbor as our self however it seems like we forget to apply this verse in our life now, but even more so in the topic of my paper. Throughout this essayRead MoreEssay on The Grateful Deads Effect on Counter Culture 973 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Jacqueline Smudzinski Thinking and Writing 1302-60 Bouchard September 29, 2013 The Grateful Dead â€Å"You’ve got to listen to the heavens, you got to try to understand. The greatness of their movement is just as small as it is grand.† Most young adults of my generation do not know who The Grateful Dead are, but they unknowingly dawn the apparels and slang created in the counterculture of the bands following the Deadheads. The band, The Grateful Dead, became popular in the 60s and carried out wideRead MoreAnalysis Of Martin Luther King Jr And James Baldwins Contribution To The Civil Rights Movement1456 Words   |  6 Pageswant my freedom, I want my freedom, I want my freedom.† Meant that during the time African Americans where tired and didn’t care what happened to them. The United States citizens thought the war will never end and it gave the minorities, such as Muhammad Ali, back at home something to hold the country accountable when they were fighting for their rights and freedom. Throughout the Story The Fire Next Time, James Baldwin emphasizes where he was coming from when the Civil Rights Movement took in effectRead MoreGame for Boys or Girls1254 Words   |  6 PagesJenkins essay â€Å"‘Complete Freedom of Movement’: Video Games as Gendered Play Space† convinced me that 13 years ago there was gender segregation in the digital world of video games on who the games where made for, girls or boys. From my 15 year of experience playing hundreds of video games I never thought of games being gender biased till now. To me girls didn’t play them because they were just not into video games and would rather play with dolls. Jenkins states that traditional culture in video gamesRead More The Powerful Ideal of Freedom Essay1484 Words   |  6 PagesThe Powerful Ideal of Freedom Developed in Harriet Jacobs’ Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl, Blood-Burning Moon, by Jean Toomer, and W.E.B DuBois’ The Souls of Black Folk Slavery played an overwhelming role throughout the history of the United States. The riches created by the unpaid labor of African Americans helped to guarantee the country’s industrial revolution and succeeding economic strength. Yet, that wealth created incredible political power for slaveholders and their representativesRead MoreEssay on The Awakening1358 Words   |  6 PagesPontellier, and Mademoiselle Reisz in the novel The Awakening, by Kate Chopin. They shaped America into a place where freedom and equality for women is possible. Although the three women were different, they all contributed to different aspects of the feminist movement. Each character represents a distinct type of woman that strongly relates to the progressive stages of the great feminist movement in America. The female character, Madame Ratignolle, simply represents a true woman, who is everythingRead MoreFreedom Essay1037 Words   |  5 PagesFreedom does not mean license, but the wisdom to choose what is right for oneself ‘Freedom’, be it from fellow humans, prevalent customs, way of life or society, is a word that symbolises man’s intrinsic nature and individuality. It is a feeling that has been experienced and expounded differently by different people: freedom- the ultimate goal of thousands of revolutions, the ideal that inflamed the minds of myriads of nameless, faceless people and their illustrious leaders. Battles for freedomRead MoreThe Freedom Of Freedom, And Self Actualization As An Individual934 Words   |  4 Pagesrequired for an individual as he exists in society to be free, we must first understand what freedom is. In synthesizing ideas from the texts studied this semester, thus far, I have arrived at the conclusion that freedom can be described as the ability to pursue activities that fulfill oneself, and contribute to our own happiness, and self-actualization as an individual. To say that freedom can be â€Å"defined† would imply placing limits on freedom, and would be counterintuitive. Erich Fromm states that

Business Law Of ASIC v Hellicar [2012] HCA 17 †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Business Law Of ASIC v Hellicar [2012] HCA 17. Answer: In ASIC v Hellicar [2012] HCA 17, the appeal made by the Australian Securities and Investment Commission was unanimously upheld by the High Court. This appeal was made in the text off the civil penalty proceedings that have been initiated against the 7 nonexecutive directors of the James Hardie Industries Ltd. It was found by the court that all these directors have breached their duties that they were required to follow in accordance with s. 180, Corporations Act, 2001 as they had failed to exercise due care and diligence by acting as the directors of the company. The brief facts of this case are related with the attempts made by the James Hardie Industries Ltd. (JHIL) as the company tried to separate two wholly owned subsidiaries. The names of these two were James Hardie Coy Pty Ltd and Jsekarb Pty Ltd. Both of these companies had to face the claims for damages due to the personal injuries suffered by the individuals who had come in contact with the asbestos products of these compa nies. In order to achieve the separation of these two subsidiaries, JHIL was going to establish a foundation, the MCRF that was going to manage and pay the claims for the diseases related with asbestos. This foundation was also going to conduct research regarding the causes and treatment for the disease is caused by asbestos. The two subsidiary companies, Coy and Jsekarb were going to make a deed of Covenant and indemnity with James Hardie Industries Ltd. According to it, these two companies would make no claim against and indemnify James Hardie regarding all its liabilities related to asbestos claims. In return, James Hardie was going to pay an amount of money to these two companies over a period of time. In this way, it was decided that a new company was going to be incorporated in the Netherlands under the name of James Harvey Industries NV. This company was going to become the immediate holding company of James Hardie Industries Ltd. as well as the ultimate holding company of th e group. Under these circumstances, the board of James Hardie Industries Ltd. met on 15 February, 2001. The purpose was to consider the proposal of separation. The events that took place at the meeting of the board were the subject of the eventual proceedings at the High Court. A number of matters were recorded at the minutes of the meeting. These matters are related with the separation proposal. A resolution was also passed by the board of the company in this meeting. This resolution provided that it is in their best interest of the company to effect the separation of Coy and Jsekarb. At the same time, several other resolutions related with the separation were also passed. It was also said in the meeting that sufficient funds were available with the foundation, MCRF to deal with all the legitimate claims of compensation that can be anticipated in future. It was also stated that the directors of the company had determined the level of funding. That was needed by the foundation and they were s atisfied that the foundation has sufficient funds available with it. However, ultimately it was found that sufficient funds were not available with the foundation, MCRF. It was discovered during the trial and by the Court of Appeal that when these statements were made in February, 2001, it should have been clearly known to the directors of James Hardie that the statements made regarding the availability of funds with the foundation were in fact misleading. However, this was not the issue before the High Court. On the other hand, the main issue before the High Court was if it should have been found by the Court of Appeal, as it did, that the ASIC had failed in establishing that a draft of announcement made by the company to the ASX had been tabled at the meeting of the board, held in February, and it had not been established that the draft had been approved by the directors. On the other hand, the directors of the company argued that the draft announcement was not tabled at the board meeting held in February.. For this purpose, they impugned the accuracy of the minutes of the meeting. However, this contention of the directors was rejected by the High Court. In fact, the Court noted that the "arguments of the respondents that the February and April minutes of the meeting were false, in relevant respects, were the arguments, if accepted, may go to the extent of demonstrating that the respondents had failed to take the steps that are necessary for making sure that the minute books of the company were in fact, not false or misleading". It was held by the High Court that finding out the presence of other inaccuracies in the minutes did not result in establishing that the relevant parts of the minutes were not accurate. It is not necessarily implied by the fact that the minutes of the meeting were prepared in draft before the meeting was held, that these minut es did not provide a true record of what has taken place during the meeting. Even so, subsequently the boat and adopted the minutes as the true record of what has taken place. Another major issue present before the court was related with the failure of the ASIC in the Court of Appeal to call Mr. Robb, the external solicitors of James Hardie, as a witness as he had attended the meeting. While it was indicated by the Court of Appeal that a duty was present on part of the ASIC to call Mr. Robb, this was rejected by the High Court. It stated that neither the source of a duty of this nature, not the source of the rule, that has been claimed to be applicable in case of the breach of such duty, has been sufficiently identified by the Court of Appeal or in the arguments made before this Court. Ultimately, the court stated that by not calling Mr. Robb by the ASIC, there was no unfairness caused to the respondents or to the other defendants. In this way, the judgment delivered by the Court of Appeal was overturned by the High Court that ASIC could not satisfy the burden of proof that the draft announcement made to the ASX was tabled and approved during the board meeting held in February, 2001. The Court stated that the minutes of the board meeting for the formal record of what has occurred during the meeting, and therefore, need to be considered as the evidence of the truth of the matters that were recorded by them, particularly that a draft ASX announcement has been tabled and approved in this meeting. It was also helped by the court that the submission made by the respondents. According to which the minutes were inherently unreliable due to the fact that they had been prepared before the board meeting took place in February, and there were several inaccuracies present in these minutes, had been rejected by the High Court. It was stated by the Court that it would be "too great a coincidence" that not even one person who was present during the April meeting, in which the minutes of the February meeting with adopted, could notice that there was a resolution presented in these minutes, which to their knowledge, was not passed. Therefore, the High Court stated that in view of the case made by the respondents themselves, this would have been a glaring blunder or even worse than the blunder that a vitally significant resolution had been recorded, which never took place. Moreover, evidence was present with suggested that the draft announcement made before the ASX was circulated during the meeting as it was found by Mr. Robb, as well as revealed by the files of BIL Australia Pty Ltd., which has a large shareholding in James Hardie and two nonexecutive directors who were closely associated with this company, were present at this meeting. A similar view was taken by the High Court regarding the announcement made to the ASX itself by the company. The court noted in this regard that while some differences were present between the draft that was held to be tabled during the meeting of the board held in February, the amendments that have been made to this draft announcement were properly described as being textual instead of being substantive, were not substantial, and the misrepresentations that have been made in the two, were the same. It was stated by the High Court that, "whether a deed that has been exhibited later on or an announcement that has been published later on, is the document that has been approved by the board, needs to be decided with the help of more than a little comparison between the two texts. It is possible to correct some slips and errors (ASIC v Rich, 2009). There are some cases, where it is possible to adopt a better but different wording. Hence the court stated that only due to the fact that som e small changes have been made, would at worst, "reveals no more that the individuals who made these changes did not have the authority to do so and in this case, it does not reveal that the company had not approved the draft announcement made to the ASX. Another factor was noted by the High Court in its decision was that when later on, the ASX announcement had been circulated, none of these persons had protested or demurred as to the terms of the announcement (Morley v ASIC, 2010). The court held this fact to be consistent with the finding that the board had approved the draft announcement made to the ASX. Regarding the 'novel' finding of the Court of Appeal that as a result of the failure to call Mr. Robb, the cogency of the evidence produced by the ASIC has been diminished, while it was admitted by the ASIC that a general obligation was present on its path to act fairly, it was held by the High Court that the Court of Appeal failed to identify the source of such duty to call particular evidence. Similarly, the source of the rule that was plain to apply in case of the breach of such duty was also not identified. The High Court stated that even if such duty was present, it can be expected that the remedy would be present either in th e primary judge directing the ASIC to cause avoidable with this or to say the proceedings, until the same was done by the ASIC, or if the trial had gone to verdict. In an appellate court, considering if there was a miscarriage of justice, which required a retrial. In this way, the High Court had rejected the reliance of the Court of Appeals on the principles provided in Blatch v Archer (1774) (where it was held that goes against needs to be considered in accordance with the proof that was in the power of a party to be produced) and also Jones v Dunkel (1959) (where it was mentioned that any unexplained failure in calling evidence allow the court to comfortably draw an inference that was in favor of the opposing party, where such inference was otherwise available on evidence). The High Court noted that the case of the ASIC did not rely on the inference but it depended on the direct evidence that was present in the form of the minutes of the board meeting held in February, 2001. The judgment of the High Court supports the broadening focus of the regulators on the performance of nonexecutive directors and the senior executives who are below the board level (ASIC v Macdonald (No 11) (2009)). More importantly, as a result of this decision of the High Court, the application of objective standard of diligence imposed on the directors and other officers of the company has been reinforced. References ASIC v Hellicar [2012] HCA 17 Australian Securities and Investments Commission v Macdonald (No 11) (2009) 256 ALR 199 Australian Securities and Investments Commission v Rich [2009] NSWSC 1229 Blatch v Archer [1774] 1 Cowp 63 Jones v Dunkel (1959) 101 CLR 298 Morley v ASIC [2010] NSWCA 331 Legislation S 180, Corporations Act, 2001 (Cth)

Mike Jaeger Essays - Roswell UFO Incident, , Term Papers

Mike Jaeger Persuasive Essay December 16, 1997 U.F.O., extra terrestrials and aliens do they really exist? Is there a government conspiracy? Why can so many people swear to have been abducted or seen flying saucers and all describe the same thing and be wrong? For many years people have been fascinated with creatures from other planets. Many shows and movies have these types of subjects, such as, ""X-Files,"Men In Black," "Independce Day," "Star Wars," and a classic , "E.T." There have been many sightings, for example, the Roswell incident, over 50 years ago. Little men with a round, bald head, beatty eyes, 3 feet tall, that hover 2 feet above the ground, is the most commonly described alien. Can there really be other beings capable of reaching the planet earth? Many people would say "There are no such things," like Cory stated, because of some insignificant reasons. For example, there is no type of fuel on this planet or is known by humans to have the capabilities of taking something from one galaxy to another, but aliens are not on from the earth and where they come from such a fuel may be readily available for them to use. Many others like to say that U.F.O.s have not been pictured or documented, or that really people are say it is just mearly swamp gas, or possibly a weather balloon. The claims of sightings comes from ordinary people and are in perfect mental health. Mrs. Engler, one of my friends mother, believes she saw a U.F.O. one night, and when she told her husband what she saw, he thought she was crazy. The next morning, however his mind changed when he saw a pictured of what Mrs. Engler was describing. Another excuse some people like to say is that these sight ings are mearly just hoaxes to occupy the minds of the citizens set up by the government to coverup some other kind of scandal. Realistically, it would be nearly impossible to pull of these kind of stunts for so many years and never get caught. On July 3, 1947, rancher W.W. "Mac" Brazel came across the wreckage of a crashed craft on one of his sheep pastures.(2) He showed the strange debris to some neighbors, then alerted the sheriff in Roswell. Over the next few days, the U.S. Army Air Force cleared away the wreckage, and on July 8 issued a press release identifying it as a crashed flying saucer. The next day, the government said it had been mistaken; it was actually a crashed weather balloon. This summer, Roswell marks the anniversary of the crash and 50 years of mystery, investigations, government secrecy, conspiracy theories and allegations of cover-ups.(1)

The Bay Of Pigs Essay Example For Students

The Bay Of Pigs Essay The Bay of Pigs Invasion. The story of the failed invasion of Cuba at the Bay of Pigs is one ofmismanagement, overconfidence, and lack of security. The blame for thefailure of the operation falls directly in the lap of the CentralIntelligence Agency and a young president and his advisors. The fall outfrom the invasion caused a rise in tension between the two greatsuperpowers and ironically 34 years after the event, the person that theinvasion meant to topple, Fidel Castro, is still in power. To understandthe origins of the invasion and its ramifications for the future it isfirst necessary to look at the invasion and its origins. We will write a custom essay on The Bay Of Pigs specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Part I: The Invasion and its Origins. The Bay of Pigs invasion of April 1961, started a few days before onApril 15th with the bombing of Cuba by what appeared to be defecting Cubanair force pilots. At 6 a.m. in the morning of that Saturday, three Cubanmilitary bases were bombed by B-26 bombers. The airfields at Camp Libertad,San Antonio de los Baos and Antonio Maceo airport at Santiago de Cuba werefired upon. Seven people were killed at Libertad and forty-seven peoplewere killed at other sites on the island. Two of the B-26s left Cuba and flew to Miami, apparently to defect tothe United States. The Cuban Revolutionary Council, the government in exile,in New York City released a statement saying that the bombings in Cuba were. . . carried out by Cubans inside Cuba who were in contact with thetop command of the Revolutionary Council . . . . The New York Timesreporter covering the story alluded to something being wrong with the wholesituation when he wondered how the council knew the pilots were coming ifthe pilots had only decided to leave Cuba on Thursday after . . . asuspected betrayal by a fellow pilot had precipitated a plot to strike . . . . Whatever the case, the planes came down in Miami later that morning, onelanded at Key West Naval Air Station at 7:00 a.m. and the other at MiamiInternational Airport at 8:20 a.m. Both planes were badly damaged and theirtanks were nearly empty. On the front page of The New York Times the nextday, a picture of one of the B-26s was shown along with a picture of one ofthe pilots cloaked in a baseball hat and hiding behind dark sunglasses, hisname was withheld. A sense of conspiracy was even at this early stagebeginning to envelope the events of that week. In the early hours of April 17th the assault on the Bay of Pigs began. In the true cloak and dagger spirit of a movie, the assault began at 2 a.m. with a team of frogmen going ashore with orders to set up landing lights toindicate to the main assault force the precise location of their objectives,as well as to clear the area of anything that may impede the main landingteams when they arrived. At 2:30 a.m. and at 3:00 a.m. two battalions cameashore at Playa Girn and one battalion at Playa Larga beaches. The troopsat Playa Girn had orders to move west, northwest, up the coast and meetwith the troops at Playa Larga in the middle of the bay. A small group ofmen were then to be sent north to the town of Jaguey Grande to secure it aswell. When looking at a modern map of Cuba it is obvious that the troopswould have problems in the area that was chosen for them to land at. Thearea around the Bay of Pigs is a swampy marsh land area which would be hardon the troops. The Cuban forces were quick to react and Castro ordered hisT-33 trainer jets, two Sea Furies, and two B-26s into the air to stop theinvading forces. Off the coast was the command and control ship and anothervessel carrying supplies for the invading forces. The Cuban air force madequick work of the supply ships, sinking the command vessel the Marsopa andthe supply ship the Houston, blasting them to pieces with five-inch rockets. In the end the 5th battalion was lost, which was on the Houston, as well asthe supplies for the landing teams and eight other smaller vessels. Withsome of the invading forces ships destroyed, and no command and controlship, the logistics of the operation soon broke down as the other supplyships were kept at bay by Castos air force. As with many failed militaryadventures, one of the problems with this one was with supplying the troops. In the air, Castro had easily won superiority over the invading force. His fast moving T-33s, although unimpressive by todays standards, madeshort work of the slow moving B-26s of the invading force. On Tuesday, twowere shot out of the sky and by Wednesday the invaders had lost 10 of their12 aircraft. With air power firmly in control of Castros forces, the endwas near for the invading army. Over the 72 hours the invading force of about 1500 men were pounded bythe Cubans. Casto fired 122mm. Howitzers, 22mm. cannon, and tank fire atthem. By Wednesday the invaders were pushed back to their landing zone atPlaya Girn. Surrounded by Castros forces some began to surrender whileothers fled into the hills. In total 114 men were killed in the slaughterwhile thirty-six died as prisoners in Cuban cells. Others were to live outtwenty years or more in those cells as men plotting to topple thegovernment of Castro. The 1500 men of the invading force never had a chance for success fromalmost the first days in the planning stage of the operation. OperationPluto, as it came to be known as, has its origins in the last dying days ofthe Eisenhower administration and that murky time period during thetransition of power to the newly elected president John F. Kennedy. The origins of American policy in Latin America in the late 1950s andearly 1960s has its origins in Americans economic interests and itsanticommunist policies in the region. The same man who had helped formulateAmerican containment policy towards the Soviet threat, George Kennan, in1950 spoke to US Chiefs of Mission in Rio de Janeiro about Latin America. He said that American policy had several purposes in the region,. . . to protect the vital supplies of raw materialswhich Latin American countries export to the USA; toprevent the military exploitation of Latin America bythe enemy The Soviet Union; and to avert thepsychological mobilization of Latin America against us.. . . . By the 1950s trade with Latin America accounted for a quarter ofAmerican exports, and 80 per cent of the investment in Latin America wasalso American. The Americans had a vested interest in the region that itwould remain pro-American. .uf4d3a1f3230f3370215185e02ab7bed2 , .uf4d3a1f3230f3370215185e02ab7bed2 .postImageUrl , .uf4d3a1f3230f3370215185e02ab7bed2 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf4d3a1f3230f3370215185e02ab7bed2 , .uf4d3a1f3230f3370215185e02ab7bed2:hover , .uf4d3a1f3230f3370215185e02ab7bed2:visited , .uf4d3a1f3230f3370215185e02ab7bed2:active { border:0!important; } .uf4d3a1f3230f3370215185e02ab7bed2 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf4d3a1f3230f3370215185e02ab7bed2 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf4d3a1f3230f3370215185e02ab7bed2:active , .uf4d3a1f3230f3370215185e02ab7bed2:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf4d3a1f3230f3370215185e02ab7bed2 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf4d3a1f3230f3370215185e02ab7bed2 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf4d3a1f3230f3370215185e02ab7bed2 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf4d3a1f3230f3370215185e02ab7bed2 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf4d3a1f3230f3370215185e02ab7bed2:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf4d3a1f3230f3370215185e02ab7bed2 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf4d3a1f3230f3370215185e02ab7bed2 .uf4d3a1f3230f3370215185e02ab7bed2-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf4d3a1f3230f3370215185e02ab7bed2:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Pursuit Of Happiness And The Inner Resources EssayThe Guatemalan adventure can be seen as another of the factors thatlead the American government to believe that it could handle Casto. Beforethe Second World War ended, a coup in Guatemala saw the rise to power ofJuan Jose Ar,valo. He was not a communist in the traditional sense of theterm, but he . . . packed his government with Communist Party members andCommunist sympathizers. In 1951 Jacobo Arbenz succeeded Ar,valo after anelection in March of that year. The party had been progressing with aseries of reforms, and the newly elected leader continued with thesereforms. During land reforms a major American company, the United FruitCompany, lost its land and other holdings without any compensation from theGuatemalan government. When the Guatemalans refused to go to theInternational Court of Law, United Fruit began to lobby the government ofthe United States to take action. In the government they had some verypowerful supporters. Among them were Foster Dulles, Secretary of State whohad once been their lawyer, his brother Allen the Director of CentralIntelligence who was a share holder, and Robert Cutler head of the NationalSecurity Council. In what was a clear conflict of interest, the securityapparatus of the United States decided to take action against theGuatemalans. From May 1st, 1954, to June 18th, the Central Intelligence Agency dideverything in its power to overthrow the government of Arbenz. On June 17thto the 18th, it peaked with an invasion of 450 men lead by a Colonel CarlosCastillo Armas. With the help of air support the men took control of thecountry and Arbenz fled to the Mexican Embassy. By June 27th, the countrywas firmly in control of the invading force. With its success in Guatemala,CIA had the confidence that it could now take on anyone who interfered withAmerican interests. In late 1958 Castro was still fighting a guerilla war against thecorrupt regime of Fulgencio Batista. Before he came to power, there was anincident between his troops and some vacationing American troops from thenearby American naval base at Guantanamo Bay. During the incident some USMarines were held captive by Castos forces but were later released after aransom was secretly paid. This episode soured relations with the UnitedStates and the chief of U.S. Naval Operations, Admiral Burke, wanted tosend in the Marines to destroy Castros forces then but Secretary of StateFoster Dulles disagreed with the measures suggested and stopped the plan. Castro overthrew Batista in 1959. Originally Castro was not acommunist either and even had meetings with then Vice-President RichardNixon. Fearful of Castros revolution, people with money, like doctors,lawyers, and the mafia, left Cuba for the United States. To prevent theloss of more capital Castros solution was to nationalize some of thebusinesses in Cuba. In the process of nationalizing some business he cameinto conflict with American interests just as Arbenz had in Guatemala. . . . legitimate U.S. Businesses were taken over, and the process ofsocialization begun with little if any talk of compensation. There werealso rumours of Cuban involvement in trying to invade Panama, Guatemala,and the Dominican Republic and by this time Castro had been turn down bythe United States for any economic aid. Being rejected by the Americans, hemet with foreign minister Anasta Mikoyan to secure a $100 million loan fromthe Soviet Union. It was in this atmosphere that the American Intelligenceand Foreign Relations communities decided that Castro was leaning towardscommunism and had to be dealt with. In the spring of 1960, President Eisenhower approved a plan to sendsmall groups of American trained, Cuban exiles, to work in the undergroundas guerrillas to overthrow Castro. By the fall, the plan was changed to afull invasion with air support by exile Cubans in American supplied planes. The original group was to be trained in Panama, but with the growth of theoperation and the quickening pace of events in Cuba, it was decided to movethings to a base in Guatemala. The plan was becoming rushed and this wouldstart to show, the man in charge of the operation, CIA Deputy DirectorBissell said that,. . . There didnt seem to be time to keep to theoriginal plan and have a large group trained by thisinitial cadre of young Cubans. So the larger group wasformed and established at La finca, in Guatemala, andthere the training was conducted entirely by Americans . . . . It was now fall and a new president had been elected. PresidentKennedy could have stopped the invasion if he wanted to, but he probablydidnt do so for several reasons. Firstly, he had campaigned for some formof action against Cuba and it was also the height of the cold war, to backout now would mean having groups of Cuban exiles travelling around theglobe saying how the Americans had backed down on the Cuba issue. Incompetition with the Soviet Union, backing out would make the Americanslook like wimps on the international scene, and for domestic consumptionthe new president would be seen as backing away from one of his campaignpromises. The second reason Kennedy probably didnt abort the operation isthe main reason why the operation failed, problems with the CIA. Part II: Failure and Ramifications. The failure at the CIA led to Kennedy making poor decisions whichwould affect future relations with Cuba and the Soviet Union. The failureat CIA had three causes. First the wrong people were handling the operation,secondly the agency in charge of the operation was also the one providingall the intelligence for the operation, and thirdly for an organizationsupposedly obsessed with security the operation had security problems. In charge of the operation was the Director of Central Intelligence,Allan Dulles and main responsibility for the operation was left to one ofhis deputies, Richard Bissell. In an intelligence community geared mainlyfor European operations against the USSR, both men were lacking inexperience in Latin American affairs. Those in charge of Operation Pluto,based this new operation on the success of the Guatemalan adventure, butthe situation in Cuba was much different than that in Guatemala. InGuatemala the situation was still chaotic and Arbenz never had the samecontrol over the country that Castro had on Cuba. The CIA had the UnitedStates Ambassador, John Puerifoy, working on the inside of Guatemalacoordinating the effort, in Cuba they had none of this while Castro wasbeing supplied by the Soviet block. In addition, after the overthrow of thegovernment in Guatemala, Castro was aware that this may happen to him aswell and probably had his guard up waiting for anything that my indicatethat an invasion was imminent. .u54f6d78521a071c272aa5254f3fcee3a , .u54f6d78521a071c272aa5254f3fcee3a .postImageUrl , .u54f6d78521a071c272aa5254f3fcee3a .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u54f6d78521a071c272aa5254f3fcee3a , .u54f6d78521a071c272aa5254f3fcee3a:hover , .u54f6d78521a071c272aa5254f3fcee3a:visited , .u54f6d78521a071c272aa5254f3fcee3a:active { border:0!important; } .u54f6d78521a071c272aa5254f3fcee3a .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u54f6d78521a071c272aa5254f3fcee3a { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u54f6d78521a071c272aa5254f3fcee3a:active , .u54f6d78521a071c272aa5254f3fcee3a:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u54f6d78521a071c272aa5254f3fcee3a .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u54f6d78521a071c272aa5254f3fcee3a .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u54f6d78521a071c272aa5254f3fcee3a .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u54f6d78521a071c272aa5254f3fcee3a .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u54f6d78521a071c272aa5254f3fcee3a:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u54f6d78521a071c272aa5254f3fcee3a .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u54f6d78521a071c272aa5254f3fcee3a .u54f6d78521a071c272aa5254f3fcee3a-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u54f6d78521a071c272aa5254f3fcee3a:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: GENDER DISCRIMINATION IN THE UNITED STATES MILITAR EssayThe second problem was the nature of the bureaucracy itself. The CIAwas a new kid on the block and still felt that it had to prove itself, itsaw its opportunity in Cuba. Obsessed with secrecy, it kept the number ofpeople involved to a minimum. The intelligence wing of CIA was kept out ofit, their Board of National Estimates could have provided information onthe situation in Cuba and the chances for an uprising against Castro oncethe invasion started. Also kept out of the loop were the State Departmentand the Joint Chiefs of Staff who could have provided help on the militaryside of the adventure. In the end, the CIA ke pt all the information foritself and passed on to the president only what it thought he should see. Lucien S. Vandenbroucke, in Political Science Quarterly of 1984, based hisanalysis of the Bay of Pigs failure on organizational behaviour theory. Hesays that the CIA . . . supplied President Kennedy and his advisers withchosen reports on the unreliability of Castros forces and the extent ofCuban dissent. Of the CIAs behaviour he concludes that,. . . By resorting to the typical organization strategyof defining the options and providing the informationrequired to evaluate them, the CIA thus structured theproblem in a way that maximized the likelihood thepresident would choose the agencys preferred option . . . . The CIA made sure the deck was stacked in their favour when the time cameto decide whether a project they sponsored was sound or not. PresidentKennedys Secretary of State at the time was Dean Rusk, in hisautobiography he says that,. . . The CIA told us all sorts of things about thesituation in Cuba and what would happen once the brigadegot ashore. President Kennedy received information whichsimply was not correct. For example, we were told thatelements of the Cuban armed forces would defect and jointhe brigade, that there would be popular uprisingsthroughout Cuba when the brigade hit the beach, and thatif the exile force got into trouble, its members wouldsimply melt into the countryside and become guerrillas,just as Castro had done . . . . As for senior White House aides, most of them disagreed with the planas well, but Rusk says that Kennedy went with what the CIA had to say. Asfor himself, he said that he . . . did not serve President Kennedy verywell . . . and that he should have voiced his opposition louder. Heconcluded that . . . I should have made my opposition clear in themeetings themselves because he Kennedy was under pressure from those whowanted to proceed. When faced with biased information from the CIA andquiet advisors, it is no wonder that the president decided to go ahead withthe operation. For an organization that deals with security issues, the CIAs lack ofsecurity in the Bay of Pigs operation is ironic. Security began to breakdown before the invasion when The New York Times reporter Tad Szulc . . . learned of Operation Pluto from Cuban friends. . . earlier that year whilein Costa Rica covering an Organization of American States meeting. Anotherbreakdown in security was at the training base in Florida,. . . Local residents near Homestead air force base hadseen Cubans drilling and heard their loudspeakers at afarm. As a joke some firecrackers were thrown into thecompound . . . . The ensuing incident saw the Cubans firing their guns and the federalauthorities having to convince the local authorities not to press charges. Operation Pluto was beginning to get blown wide open, the advantage ofsurprise was lost even this early in the game. After the initial bombing raid of April 15th, and the landing of theB-26s in Florida, pictures of the planes were taken and published innewspapers. In the photo of one of the planes, the nose of it is opaquewhereas the model of the B-26 the Cubans really used had a plexiglass nose,. . . The CIA had taken the pains to disguise the B-26with FAR markings Cuban Air Force, the agencyoverlooked a crucial detail that was spotted immediatelyby professional observers . . . . All Castros people had to do was read the newspapers and theyd know thatsomething was going to happen, that those planes that had bombed them werenot their own but American. In The New York Times of the 21st of April, stories about the originsof the operation in the Eisenhower administration appeared along withheadlines of C.I.A. Had a Role In Exiles Plans revealing the CIAsinvolvement. By the 22nd, the story is fully known with headlines in TheNew York Times stating that CIA is Accused by Bitter Rebels and on thesecond page of that days issue is a full article on the details of theoperation from its beginnings. The conclusion one can draw from the articles in The New York Times isthat if reporters knew the whole story by the 22nd, it can be expected thatCastros intelligence service and that of the Soviet Union knew about theplanned invasion as well. Tad Szulcs report in the April 22nd edition ofThe New York Times says it all,. . . As has been an open secret in Florida and CentralAmerica for months, the C.I.A. planned, coordinated anddirected the operations that ended in defeat on abeachhead in southern Cuba Wednesday . . . . It is clear then that part of the failure of the operation was causedby a lack of security and attention to detail on the part of the CentralIntelligence Agency, and misinformation given to the president. On the international scene, the Bay of Pigs invasion lead directly toincreased tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union. Duringthe invasion messages were exchanged between Kennedy and Khrushchevregarding the events in Cuba. Khrushchev accused the Americans of beinginvolved in the invasion and stated in one of his messages that a,. . . so-called small war can produce a chain reactionin all parts of the world . . . we shall render the Cubanpeople and their Government all necessary assistance inbeating back the armed attack on Cuba . . . . Kennedy replied giving American views on democracy and the containment ofcommunism, he also warned against Soviet involvement in Cuba saying toKhrushchev,. . . In the event of any military intervention byoutside force we will immediately honor our obligationsunder the inter-American system to protect thishemisphere against external aggression . . . . Even though this crisis passed, it set the stage for the next majorcrisis over Soviet nuclear missiles in Cuba and probably lead to theSoviets increasing their military support for Castro. In The Bay Of Pigs Essay Example For Students The Bay Of Pigs Essay Louisa May Alcott was born on November 29, 1832, in Germantown, Pennsylvania. When she was almost 2 years old, Louisas family moved to Massachusetts, the state where she lived the bulk of her life. The family moved many times over the years, usually back and forth between Boston and Concord (Mass. ). Some notable places Louisa lived were Fruitlands in Harvard, Massachusetts; Hillside in Concord; and Orchard House, also in Concord. Fruitlands was the site of her fathers attempt at Utopian living, which she wrote about in Transcendental Wild Oats, thirty years later in 1873. Louisas childhood at Hillside (later renamed Wayside by Nathaniel Hawthorne, when he lived there) served as the basis for the action in her most popular novel, Little Women, which she wrote as an adult living in Orchard House. We will write a custom essay on The Bay Of Pigs specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Interestingly, these latter two houses were located next door to each other, with a walking path through the woods between. They are both still standing and open for tours in Concord.She was a versatile writer who started at an early age. At the encouragement of her father, she kept a diary as a childwhich probably helped her to discover her love and talent for writing and surely provided ideas later for her various plots and characters. As a teenager, Louisa wrote several plays, poems, and short stories. She achieved publication for the first time at age nineteen, with a poem entitled Sunlight (1851), which she wrote under the pseudonym, Flora Fairfield. The title of Ms. Alcotts first published short story was The Rival Painters: A Tale of Rome (1852), and her first published book was Flower Fables (1854), a collection of short fairy-tale stories and poems which she had originally created to entertain Ralph Waldo Emersons daughter Ellen. Louisa May Alcott wrote her first novel, The Inheritance, at age seventeen, but it went unpublished for nearly 150 years until 1997, after two researchers (Joel Myerson and Daniel Shealy) stumbled across the handwritten manuscript in the Houghton Library at Harvard University . Of course, Ms. Alcott is best known for a different novel, Little Women, which she wrote in two parts. The first volume, subtitled Meg, Jo, Beth, and Amy, was published in 1868, and the second volume, alternately titled Good Wives, was published in 1869. Like Jo in Little Women, Louisa also wrote many blood and thunder tales, which were published in popular periodicals of the day. She did not openly claim authorship for many of these Gothic thriller stories, however: for some, she used the pseudonym, A. M. Barnard; for others, she chose to remain completely anonymous. Her career was not restricted to writing. Beginning in her late teens, she worked as a teacher for several years and off-and-on as a seamstress. In December of 1862, at age 30, she traveled to Washington, DC, to serve as a Civil War nurse at the Union Hotel Hospital in Georgetown. The following year, she re-wrote her letters detailing that experience, to form Hospital Sketches, which was published first serially and then as a book . And, in the winter of 1867/68, Ms. Alcott became the editor of Merrys Museum, a childrens magazine . Louisa Alcott also was an avid social reformer. Abolition, temperance, and educational reform were among her chosen causes. But being a feminist at heart, she especially fought for womens rights, including suffrage. In fact, she was the first woman to register to vote in Concord . Unlike Jo in her Little Women, Louisa May Alcott never married. She died at age 55 on March 6, 1888, (two days after her father) and is buried on Authors Ridge in Concords Sleepy Hollow Cemetery, with her family. .u5df8f114464906ed7738542fa96990a0 , .u5df8f114464906ed7738542fa96990a0 .postImageUrl , .u5df8f114464906ed7738542fa96990a0 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u5df8f114464906ed7738542fa96990a0 , .u5df8f114464906ed7738542fa96990a0:hover , .u5df8f114464906ed7738542fa96990a0:visited , .u5df8f114464906ed7738542fa96990a0:active { border:0!important; } .u5df8f114464906ed7738542fa96990a0 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u5df8f114464906ed7738542fa96990a0 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u5df8f114464906ed7738542fa96990a0:active , .u5df8f114464906ed7738542fa96990a0:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u5df8f114464906ed7738542fa96990a0 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u5df8f114464906ed7738542fa96990a0 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u5df8f114464906ed7738542fa96990a0 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u5df8f114464906ed7738542fa96990a0 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u5df8f114464906ed7738542fa96990a0:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u5df8f114464906ed7738542fa96990a0 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u5df8f114464906ed7738542fa96990a0 .u5df8f114464906ed7738542fa96990a0-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u5df8f114464906ed7738542fa96990a0:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: On The Road Vs The Bell Jar Essay Nearby are the graves of her friends and mentors Ralph Waldo Emerson, Nathaniel Hawthorne, and Henry David Thoreau.

Free Essays on Imigration

, most of us Americans are immigrants from one country or another. Some of us fell into the definition of â€Å"melting pot†, but most of us are trying to keep our own ethnic identity. When my family immigrated to America from Russia, we were so scared that we would not fit in that we decided to learn American language and traditions. U... Free Essays on Imigration Free Essays on Imigration In the 1800’s and the early 1900’s, some people named America â€Å"the melting pot†. Thousands and thousands of immigrants from around the world were coming into the United States in hope of a better life. Most people imagined that all these different cultures were being poured into a giant pot called America, heated to a low boil and molded into one kind of person. If one steps back and thinks about this theory, it is not entirely true. In fact, it is not really true at all. If one takes a closer look at America today, one sees millions of people labeled Americans but not by how they act, what religions they practice and what kind of food they eat but where they are born. Many recent US immigrants try to keep their individual ethnic identity because it is a helpful tool in learning about their ancestors. At the same time they also understand that learning some aspects of American culture is very vital. Nowadays, even within gateway cities that give the outward appearance of being multicultural. When describing the ethnic diversity of a bellwether mega city such as Los Angeles, many residents speak of the great mosaic of many people. Anna Quindlen, in her essay â€Å"Making the Mosaic†, states that all Americans are part of the mosaic, which is far from being complete. According to Quindlen the real American is â€Å"a pilgrim with a small ‘p’†. Being an American does not mean being white and having ancestors from the original thirteen colonies, but rather being multi-ethnic. Many Americans have mixed nationality or were born in America as a second generation of some ethnic group. In other words, most of us Americans are immigrants from one country or another. Some of us fell into the definition of â€Å"melting pot†, but most of us are trying to keep our own ethnic identity. When my family immigrated to America from Russia, we were so scared that we would not fit in that we decided to learn American language and traditions. U...

The Mystery Of Pyramids Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

The Mystery Of Pyramids - Essay Example Pyramids are mysterious in all the aspects they reveal; the enormous sizes, the greatness, the artifact, the architecture and the life after death. The most important aspect that inspires awe in the Egyptian pyramids are the existence of mummies that are still extant in the world, after so many years have passed since then. The perfect shape of pyramids also manifests an array of historical expertise and efforts exerted by the laborers. As the people started building pyramids, they got perfect in the art. This paper examines the history of pyramid construction, the perfection of this art as well as the beliefs of people behind the pyramid building. It also probes into the belief of Egyptian people concerning the life after death. The Egyptian pyramids reflect the testimony of a whole civilization that existed in the world about 5000 years ago. These pyramids were mostly built during the fourth dynasty of the Old Kingdom of Egypt, which happened to be one of the modern dynasties of its time. At that time, the rulers in Egypt were known as "Pharaoh" i.e., the king. Egypt was a civilization where people staunchly believed in eternity, in the concept of life after death. Pyramids, as they continue to withstand the test of time, are evidence to the fact that Egyptians wanted their kings to exist for eternity so that every one in the kingdom could be assured of perpetuation of their life after death (Ancient Egypt, home 1) All the Egyptian pyramids were built in typically the same standard form. These pyramids had the same sort of passages and chambers for the King as well as the people of his family and court. The tombs of these people surrounded the Kings' pyramids in the same manner throughout the Egyptian pyramid era. The passages and ways under the ground were constructed in the standardized vein during the periods of all the Egyptian Kings. However the size varied due to the ability and expertise of Egyptian people in building such huge monuments that marked the history of Egyptian civilization capturing the interest and awe for the world, generation after generation (The Built of Egyptian Pyramids). There exist about hundred pyramids in Cairo the Egyptian capital, however the ones at Giza happen to be the mysterious of all with respect to their size as well as their reflection of early Egyptian life. These pyramids of Giza also referred to as the Great pyramids, are popular even today due to the mysteries they unfold regarding the ancient Egyptian livelihood (The Pyramids Of Egypt). The History Of Egyptian Pyramids Pyramids have a mysterious history signifying the early Egyptian norms and beliefs concerning death and life after death. Before pyramids, the Egyptian people used to build stone graves and monuments with desert soil and stones. The first ever pyramid was the pyramid with steps constructed at Saqqara for King Zoser in 2750 BC (Ancient Egypt, home 1). The step pyramids were built with no experience and expertise of people in the construction work. Hence, the variation in shapes and designs of pyramids continued perpetually in the successive eras reflecting the yearning of Egyptians for something great that could keep their kings alive through the eternity. And that was specifically true of these pyramids; the efforts millions of Egyptian labors are still alive in the form of pyramids that continue to remain extant today, making the age of modernity